Work FAQs
The job market in Germany has numerous rules and regulations. In addition, you must meet some requirements to get a job. Many employers choose their employees mainly based on their certificates or degrees in the desired field. But even without the relevant certificates, you still have a chance to find a job.
Here you will learn about the steps you need to take to start your first job in Germany and the ways you can increase your chances of finding your dream job.
Here are two essential points you need to consider in advance:
German is spoken in most companies in Germany. In some cases, English will do; but for most jobs, you need to be able to communicate in German. There are many ways to learn German or to improve your proficiency. Find out more on our topic page, “Learning German”.You need a work permit before you can start to work in Germany. For migrants, the work permit is directly linked to the residence permit. You can find out more about this on our topic page, “Skilled Workers“. If you have fled to Germany, whether you can work or not depends on your current residence permit. You can find out more in our chapter “Work Permit for Refugees“.
There are various ways to find a job position:
Employment Agency
The first point of contact for job hunting is your local Employment Agency in your area. There, you can register as a jobseeker and benefit from their assistance and advice. On the website of the Employment Agency, you will also find a job search engine (“Jobbörse”) where you can search for your ideal job.
Internet
There are a handful of other employment websites on the internet. There you can register and often create a profile to describe your qualifications and experience for the potential employers. Then, these employment websites automatically send you any new job offer that suits your profile, so you do not have to search for new vacancies every day. Employers may also view your profile and consider you for a relevant position. Some major job platforms out there are, for instance, www.monster.de, www.stepstone.de, www.jobbörse.de, www.adzuna.de and the job search engine of Make-it-in-Germany.de, www.heyjobs.de, www.indeed.de, and (for design and creative jobs) www.dasauge.de. There are also some job platforms that are specifically set up for refugees, for instance, www.workeer.de, www.jobs4refugees.de, www.jobbörse.de/refugees, and social-bee.de (for Munich and Stuttgart). On these platforms, you can find vocational training positions as well as jobs. Some of these platforms will also help you with your application.
Important: Sometimes, one can use different titles to refer to the same activity. So, while searching for jobs on the Internet, remember to try different titles used for the profession you seek. On berufenet.arbeitsagentur.de, you will also find a list of synonyms for different job titles.
Specific Companies’ Website
If you already know which companies you are interested in, you can search for possible vacancies directly on their websites, usually under headlines such as “Jobs” or “Karriere”.
Social Networks
Having an account on social networks like Xing or Linkedin can also help you in your job hunting. You can create a profile for free, list your qualifications and professional experience and connect with people from the same field.
Newspapers
You can also find job advertisements in local and national newspapers in Germany. There are nationwide job ads on Wednesdays and Saturdays in the Süddeutsche Zeitung, the Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung, the Frankfurter Rundschau, and Die Zeit daily. You can read these newspapers in your local library every day, so there is no need to purchase them.
Job Fairs
You can also get to know about interesting companies and job vacancies at job fairs or companies’ so-called “open-door days”. There, you have the opportunity to get in direct contact with the companies. You can find some relevant tips on absolventa.de and a list of various job fairs and the dates they take place on berufsstart.de. In larger cities, regular job fairs are specifically held for refugees.
Counselling Centres
There are plenty of counselling centres where you can seek support while searching for a job. You can find counselling services in your area, for example, at the Youth Migration Service (“Jugendmigrationsdienste” or JMD) and Migration Counselling for Adults (“Migrationsberatungen für Erwachsene “). The staff there speak many languages. You can also contact the “Working and Living in Germany Hotline“. The experts there can answer your questions about looking for a job via chat, email and phone in German and English.
Internship
If you are not sure which occupation you would like to follow or if your job applications have been rejected, you can do an internship first. An internship usually lasts several weeks or months. During an internship, you will get to know and try the profession in question and the company – after the internship, you may be able to continue working there. You can read more in our chapter “Internship”.
You can find schedules, price information and more in this link:
https://www.nuernberg.de/internet/stadtportal/nahverkehr.html#_0_27
If you have found an interesting job advertisement, the first step is to apply for it. Most companies require a written application to be sent either by email, per post or submitted over online job application forms some employers set up on their websites. How and when to apply is often mentioned in the job advertisement. Generally, applications are not considered when submitted after the deadline.
Writing a well-articulated application is very important. Usually, the application has to be written in German. In your application, you must describe your qualifications and experience and convince the employer that you are the ideal candidate for the job.
A perfect application consists of:
- A cover letter (usually not longer than a page) in which you describe your experience and qualifications and explain why you would like this specific job.
- A tabular CV with a signature
- Your certificates
- Further evidence of skills and references, e.g. from your former employer
If you have obtained your certificates from abroad, you must have them translated in advance. The Jobcentre or the Employment Agency usually covers the costs of translation. Your adviser at Jobcentre can provide you with more tips on the subject.
If you have certificates and documents from abroad, you must have them translated and, if necessary, recognised in advance. The costs for the translation are usually covered by the Jobcenter or the Employment Agency if you are already in Germany and have been registered at either the Jobcenter or Employment Agency. Your adviser at Jobcenter/ Employment Agency can provide you with more information on the subject. You can find out more about the recognition procedure in our chapter “Recognition of foreign qualifications”.For useful tips on how to put together a job application, you can check out make-it-in-germany.de and sueddeutsche.de. You can also seek advice from various counselling centres. Furthermore, you can find counselling centres in your area, for example, at the Youth Migration Service (“Jugendmigrationsdienste” or JMD) and Migration Counselling for Adults (“Migrationsberatungen für Erwachsene”). The staff there speak many languages.
If the company likes your application, you will be invited for an interview. However, your application may also be rejected. If that is the case, don’t lose hope, go ahead and apply for other positions at other companies. If you receive an invitation to a job interview, try to prepare for the interview beforehand. You should have some general ideas about the company and position and know how to answer relevant questions. You can find some handy tips on a successful job interview on sueddeutsche.de. Furthermore, you can seek advice or apply for an “application training” (“Bewerbungstraining”) at the Federal Employment Agency – ask your advisor for more information about this type of training. You can also find counselling centres in your area, for instance, at the Youth Migration Service (“Jugendmigrationsdienste” or JMD) and Migration Counselling for Adults (“Migrationsberatungen für Erwachsene”). The staff there speak many languages.
